September 24th, 2007
THE TWILIGHT OF THE AMERICAN CULTURE by Morris Berman (W.W. Norton 2000)
A SYNOPSIS as it relates to the New Monk as eco-spiritual pioneer:
Berman sees a parallel between our times and the dissolution of the
Roman Empire into what history calls the Dark Ages when only the monks in their cloistered monasteries copied and kept from destruction the philosophical and theological texts of European, Greek and Roman culture. The present transformation to a global economy ruled by faceless corporations, crushing the individual and humanistic values, bringing on social inequality, increasing loss of entitlements, decreasing intellectual abilities and spiritual death –the factors which were present prior to the collapse of the Roman culture–are leading us into an “invisible” darkness. “For those who are seduced by noise, toys, and technology, the current transformation…is nothing less than cultural efflorescence. For those who place their values elsewhere, there is the paradox that the very success of the McWorld…is a darkness that is ultimately every bit as dark as the early Middle Ages, no matter what the surface appearances might indicate”.
Berman’s solution to this cultural crisis is what he calls “the monastic option”, referring back to the monks who did not fit into the disintegrating Roman culture. “What the Roman culture had discarded these monks treated as valuable: what the culture found worthwhile they perceived as stupid or destructive.” In their monasteries they copied the b9oks that represented the highest cultural achievement of the treasures of Greco-Roman civilization, material that six hundred years later was crucial to the dawn of a new European culture.
Berman sees the potential for that process today in the person of “new monks” who do not live in monasteries and copy books but embody in their own lives the knowledge and values in need of preservation, handing these on from person to person in an underground “guerilla” resistance to the seduction of the corporate consumer culture. This way of life may attract only a minute percentage of the American population, Berman says, but drawing on Chaos Theory he reminds us that at times of transition, when cultures are in disequilibrium individual action can have a much larger impact on historical development than would normally obtain. The activity of new monks could ” inadvertently push the system, as it disintegrates, in a new direction”.
Berman’s description of the new monk closely parallels our own experienced self-description–nomadic, literally and figuratively, highly individualistic but seeking genuine community, non-hierarchical, non-institutional, thoughtful, reflective free spirits. He sees us as a kind of “aristocracy of the sensitive, the considerate, and the plucky” who are to be found in all nations and all classes and among whom ” there is a secret understanding when they meet.”The job of preservation and transmission of the deepest human values at the present time, Berman believes, will consist in creating “zones of intelligence” in a private local way and then deliberately keeping them out of the public eye. Some sort of transmission must go on without any form of institutionalization which can be co-opted. Berman caveats here need to be noted and seen as a challenge to our ingenuity.This assessment of our moment and place in history is the gift of an eagle eye view over time and space which can inform and inspire us as well as guide and caution us as we make our way through the complex jungle of our daily life. Berman sees his book as a sort of guidebook for the nomadic monk of our time. The book helps orient ourselves in the stream of the history of monasticism for which “New Monks” as eco-spiritual pioneers are opening a new chapter.
–SW
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August 31st, 2007
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